W3.CSS Case Study







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W3.CSS Case Study



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Building a Responsive Web Site From Scratch


In this chapter we will build a W3.CSS responsive website from scratch.


First, start with a simple HTML page, with an initial viewport and a link to W3.CSS.



Example



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<title>W3.CSS Case</title>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/4/w3.css">

<body>
 
<h1>My first W3.CSS website!</h1>
  <p>This site
will grow as we add more ...</p>
  <p>This is another
paragraph.</p>
  <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
 
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</body>

</html>

Try it Yourself »


Put Elements in Containers


To add common margins and padding, put the HTML elements inside containers (<div
class="w3-container">)


Separate the header
from the rest of the content, using two separate <div> elements:



Example



<div class="w3-container">
  <h1>My
First W3.CSS Website!</h1>
  <p>This site
will grow as we add more ...</p>
</div>

<div
class="w3-container">
  <p>This is another
paragraph.</p>
  <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
 
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</div>

Try it Yourself »







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Color Classes


Color classes defines the color of elements.


This example adds a color to the first <div> element:



Example



<div class="w3-container w3-light-grey">
  <h1>My
First W3.CSS Website!</h1>
  <p>This site
will grow as we add more ...</p>
</div>

<div
class="w3-container">
  <p>This is another
paragraph.</p>
  <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
 
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</div>

Try it Yourself »



Size Classes


Size classes defines the text size for elements.


This example adds a size to both header elements:



Example



<div class="w3-container w3-light-grey">
  <h1
class="w3-jumbo">My
First W3.CSS Website!</h1>
  <p
class="w3-xxlarge">This sage
will grow as we add more ...</p>
</div>

<div
class="w3-container">
  <p>This is another
paragraph.</p>
  <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
 
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</div>

Try it Yourself »



Use Semantic Elements


If you like to follow the HTML5 semantic recommendations. please do!



It does not matter for W3.CSS if you use <div> or <header>.





Example



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<title>W3.CSS Case</title>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/4/w3.css">
<body>

<header class="w3-container
w3-light-grey">
 
<h1 class="w3-jumbo">My first W3.CSS website!</h1>
  <p
class="w3-xxlarge">This site
will grow as we add more ...</p>
</header>

<div
class="w3-container">
  <p>This is another
paragraph.</p>
  <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
 
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</div>

<footer
class="w3-container">
  <p>This is my footer</p>
</footer>

</body>
</html>

Try it Yourself »



Multicolumn Responsive Layout


With W3.CSS it is easy to create a multicolumn responsive layout.


The columns will rearrange themselves automatically when viewed on different screen sizes.


Some grid rules:



  • Start with a row class <div class="w3-row-padding">

  • Use predefined classes like "w3-third" to quickly make grid columns

  • Place your text content inside the grid columns


This example shows how to create three columns
of equal width:



Example



<div class="w3-row-padding">
 
<div class="w3-third">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
 
</div>
  <div class="w3-third">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
 
</div>
  <div class="w3-third">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
  </div>
</div>

Try it Yourself »


This example shows how to create four columns
of equal width:



Example



<div class="w3-row-padding">
 
<div class="w3-quarter">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
 
</div>
  <div class="w3-quarter">
     <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
 </div>
  <div class="w3-quarter">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
  </div>
  <div
class="w3-quarter">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
  </div>
</div>

Try it Yourself »


Columns With Different Widths


This example creates a three-column layout where the column in the
middle is wider than the first and last column:



Example



 <div class="w3-row-padding">
 
<div class="w3-quarter">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
 
</div>
  <div class="w3-half">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
 
</div>
  <div class="w3-quarter">
    <p>Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
    incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</p>
  </div>
</div>

Try it Yourself »


Navigation Bars


A navigation bar is a navigation header that is placed at the top of the page.



Example



<nav class="w3-bar w3-black w3-large">
  <a href="#"
class="w3-bar-item w3-button">Home</a>
  <a
href="#" class="w3-bar-item w3-button">Link 1</a>
  <a
href="#" class="w3-bar-item w3-button">Link 2</a>
  <a href="#"
class="w3-bar-item w3-button">Link 3</a>
</nav>

Try It Yourself »


Side Navigation


With side navigation, you have several options:



  • Always display the navigation pane to the left of the page content.

  • Use a collapsible, "fully automatic" responsive side navigation.

  • Open navigation pane over the left part of the page content.

  • Open navigation pane over all of the page content.

  • Slide the page content to the right when opening the navigation pane.

  • Display the navigation pane on the right side instead of the left side


This example opens the navigation pane over the left part of the page
content:




<nav class="w3-sidebar w3-bar-block w3-black w3-card" style="display:none"
id="mySidebar">
 
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="#">Link 1</a>
  <a
class="w3-bar-item w3-button" href="#">Link 2</a>
  <a
class="w3-bar-item w3-button"
href="#">Link 3</a>
</nav>


JavaScript used to open and hide the menu:



function w3_open() {
    document.getElementById("mySidebar").style.display = "block";
}
function w3_close() {
    document.getElementById("mySidebar").style.display = "none";
}

Try It Yourself »




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